One of Warren Buffett’s key rules is to invest in what you know or — as he calls it — the “circle of competence.”

For decades, Buffett avoided tech stocks because he didn’t understand them. To be sure, his 2016 bet on $AAPL and pre-IPO stake in $SNOW have paid off handsomely (let’s not talk about $IBM, though).

For many, Berkshire Hathaway stepped far out of its circle of competence when it invested $6.7B across 5 Japanese trading houses in August.

It’s Buffett’s biggest bet outside of America

The $510B Berkshire acquired 5% stakes each in Itochu, Marubeni, Mitsubishi, Mitsui, and Sumitomo.

As highlighted by The Economist, Japanese trading houses are notoriously complicated.

Dating back to the 19th century, these de facto conglomerates have opaque shareholder structures and operate in dozens of unrelated businesses (mining, energy, convenience stores, cable providers, etc.).

Besides being hard to understand, the trading houses break 2 other Buffett investing maxims: reliable returns and business moats.

Their performances in recent years have been spotty, and the business lines for each trading house fiercely compete against one another.

Could it be a value play?

As a famed value investor, Buffett may have targeted these Japanese firms for their relative cheapness (AKA the market value is below the book value of the net assets).

However, one analyst tells The Economist the trading houses are cheap for a reason: Their complicated businesses increase the perception of risk.

The actual reasons could be long-term bullish for Japan

There are 2 other explanations for Buffett’s investment:

• Japan has seen shareholder-friendly reforms in recent years, leading to better corporate governance, increased productivity, higher dividends, and stronger cash positions
• The trading houses all have energy businesses, which dovetails with Buffett’s affinity for the industry (think Berkshire Hathaway Energy)

These bets can pay off if Japan’s new Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga continues his predecessor’s corporate reforms and if a post-COVID recovery drives the country’s energy demand.

A final aspect yet to be mentioned and firmly within Buffett’s “circle of competence”: Berkshire itself is a sprawling conglomerate.

Eugene Wei — a former product exec at Amazon and Oculus — has penned the most concise explanation of what makes TikTok tick (sorry).

His 2nd entry in a 3-part series on the video app is a must-read for anyone trying to understand TikTok’s recommendation engine (AKA the For Your Page [FYP]).

The secret?

An “algorithm-friendly” design.

Here are some key takeaways:

1. TikTok’s actual machine learning (ML) recommendation algorithm isn’t out of the ordinary
2. However, the data inputs into TikTok’s algorithm are differentiated and — all things equal — better data inputs create better algorithms
3. To get the most valuable inputs possible for its algorithm, TikTok’s design is very unique: It is only one video at a time with a number of indicators as to whether or not the user likes it (length of viewing, re-watches, likes, comments, song choice, video subject, shares)
4. Typically, UX design is meant to be user-friendly. However, to improve its algorithm, TikTok has made its product a bit less user-friendly (users scrolling through multiple pieces of content is a more frictionless experience than just a single video view)
5. Eugene calls this product decision an “algorithm-friendly” design
6. Compare this with a traditional social feed (Twitter, Facebook), both of which offer an endless scroll of content. The user inputs are less clear (“liking” something doesn’t transmit a ton of information)
7. With such clear signals — whether positive or negative — TikTok can quickly understand a user’s preference and serve up more similar content
8. This creates a tight feedback loop and kicks off the flywheel that continually improves TikTok’s recommendations and data inputs

P.S. If you prefer audio, listen to his explanation on the a16z podcast.

It’s a rough time to be in college PR.

For schools that have returned to in-person classes, every day seems to bring new headlines about COVID-19 outbreaks.

Colleges are terrified of a reputational nosedive. So some — like Temple University, the University of Missouri, and the University of Maryland — are paying or have plans to pay student influencers to encourage safety protocols on social media.

Influencers want to reach everyone

One Mizzou influencer, Caleb Poorman, reminds other students to use hand sanitizer and wear a mask on Instagram.

Other influencers are more focused on future applicants.

The popular Insta twins Brooklyn and Bailey have for years had a paid partnership with Baylor University to make the school look “cool” to high school students.

When the twins contracted the virus, they emphasized that Baylor has “taken every precaution, including mandating masks, requiring students to test negative before coming back to school, and many, many more precautions.”

But influencing for your college isn’t going to pay your tuition

At the University of Maryland, which plans to hire student influencers soon, one social post will be worth the equivalent of 15-30 minutes of work at the school’s hourly wage — meaning, probably, just a few dollars.

Other influencing salaries might be a notch higher. The University of Missouri gave an influencer marketing firm $10.3k to hire 6 students.

It’s not clear how much cash each student is getting, but it probably can’t top room-and-board charges.

“Up and to the right”

That’s the way we like our investments to go. 

For Sam, that means putting his money into peanut butter brands and hoping that PB&J’s make a comeback in a big way. 

For the rest of us, it’s a little simpler — all we have to do is follow these buy alerts to get in on the most promising companies before they blow up. 

This one in particular has a real shot to dominate the 5G space (and potentially line our pockets with some serious early investor dough). Check it out: